India – Air Pollution Knowledge Assessment (APnA) city program


Air Pollution knowledge Assessments

The APnA “Air Pollution Knowledge Assessment” city program is designed to provide a starting point for understanding air pollution and present a clear picture of the state of air pollution in Indian cities.

Information and data are prerequisites for an effective Air Quality Management (AQM) plan. This means having information on (a) what is the level of pollution (monitoring trends) (b) which areas are the most polluted (spatial trends) (c) who is contributing to this pollution (source trends) (d) when do pollution levels peak (temporal trends) and (e) what are the options we have to reduce pollution (control trends). This involves creating a detailed information database that includes pulling together data from disparate sources, surveys, mapping and atmospheric modeling. Deciding on policy options based on this information and implementing them effectively is the next step.

Study reports were released in two batches – 20 cities in 2017 and 30 cities in 2019. A revision is underway (for 2023-24) for all the NCAP cities.

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Journal article in Urban Climate (2019) details the methodology used for this analysis.

Data Sources Methodology Leaflets

Cities under the APnA program in India

State/Union TerritoryIntroduced in 2017Introduced in 2019Total
1Andhra PradeshVijayawada, Visakhapatnam2
2Arunachal Pradesh-
3AssamDispur-Guwahati1
4BiharPatnaGaya, Muzzaffarpur3
5ChattishgarhRaipur1
6GoaPanjim1
7GujaratAhmedabad, Surat, Rajkot, Vadodara4
8Haryana-
9Himachal PradeshShimla1
10Jammu & KashmirSrinagar1
11JharkhandRanchiJamshedpur, Dhanbad3
12KarnatakaBengaluruDharwad2
13KeralaKochiThiruvananthapuram2
14Madhya PradeshIndore, BhopalGwalior3
15MaharashtraNagpur, PuneMumbai, Nashik, Aurangabad5
16ManipurImphal1
17Meghalaya-
18Mizoram-
19Nagaland-
20OrissaBhubaneswar1
21PunjabAmritsar, Ludhiana2
22RajasthanJaipurKota, Jodhpur3
23Sikkim-
24Tamil NaduChennai, CoimbatoreMadurai, Tiruchirapalli4
25TelanganaHyderabad1
26TripuraAgartala1
27UttarakhandDehra Dun1
28Uttar PradeshKanpur, Varanasi, AgraLucknow, Allahabad5
29West BengalAsansol, Kolkata2
30Andaman & Nicobar-
31ChandigarhChandigarh1
32Dadra & Nagar Haveli-
33Daman & Diu-
34Delhi-
35Lakshadweep-
36PuducherryPuducherry1
APnA IndiaAPnA30 Poster Emissions APnA IndiaAPnA30 Poster Concentrations APnA IndiaAPnA30 Poster Built-Up Area APnA IndiaAPnA30 Poster Traffic

20 city reports released in 2017
[Agra] [Amritsar] [Bengaluru] [Bhopal] [Bhubaneswar] [Chandigarh] [Chennai] [Coimbatore] [Dehra Dun] [Indore] [Jaipur] [Kanpur] [Kochi] [Ludhiana] [Nagpur] [Patna] [Pune] [Raipur] [Ranchi] [Varanasi]
[Summary report (2017)]

30 city reports released in 2019
[Agartala] [Ahmedabad] [Allahabad] [Asansol-Durgapur] [Aurangabad] [Dharwad-Hubli] [Dhanbad-Bokaro] [Gaya] [Guwahati-Dispur] [Gwalior] [Hyderabad] [Jamshedpur] [Jodhpur] [Kolkata-Howrah] [Kota] [Lucknow] [Madurai] [Mumbai] [Nashik] [Panjim-Vasco-Margao] [Puducherry] [Rajkot] [Shimla] [Srinagar] [Surat] [Thiruvananthapuram] [Tiruchirapalli] [Vadodara] [Vijayawada-Guntur] [Visakhapatnam]
[Summary report (2019)]

[Quick look leaflets]

[Summary of monthly concentrations and source contributions by city]
[journal article (2014) – Nature of air pollution, emission sources, and management in Indian cities]
[Journal article (2019) – Air pollution knowledge assessments (APnA) for 20 Indian cities]
[Poster of APnA city program]
[Supplementary Info – India NAMP manual station data for 2011-2015] [Data reference]
[Supplementary Info – India model-satellite-data derived district level PM2.5 for 1998-2016] [Data reference]
[Supplementary Info – No.of monitors required by state]
[Supplementary Info – No.of monitors required by district]


Data Sources We would like to thank the Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation (Delhi, India) for their support towards this program in 2017 (Phase 1) and 2019 (Phase 2). All the analysis and results are sole responsibility of the authors @UrbanEmissions.info.